Ngwa Mpaghara: A na-ejikarị ọkụ ọkụ ụlọ ọrụ, ngwa ụlọ, ọkụ ụlọ ọrụ, ọla, igwe, ụgbọ elu, ụgbọ ala, ndị agha na ụlọ ọrụ ndị ọzọ na-emepụta ihe ndị na-ekpo ọkụ na ihe ndị na-eguzogide.

Ndị na-emegide agbakwunyere na bọọdụ wiring ebipụtara ga-abụ ihe na-enye aka maka mbelata ngwugwu nwere ntụkwasị obi dị elu yana arụmọrụ eletrik ka mma. Ijikọ ọrụ resistor n'ime mkpụrụ nke laminate na-ahapụ ebe elu PWB nke ihe ndị dị iche na-eri, na-eme ka arụmọrụ ngwaọrụ dịkwuo elu site na ntinye nke ihe ndị ọzọ na-arụ ọrụ. Nickel-chromium alloys nwere nnukwu ihe mgbochi eletriki, nke na-eme ka ha dị irè maka iji ya na ngwa dị iche iche. A na-eji silicon na aluminom mee nickel na chromium iji kwalite nkwụsi ike ọnọdụ okpomọkụ ma belata ọnụọgụ nguzogide okpomọkụ. A na-edobe oyi akwa mgbochi ihe nkiri dị gịrịgịrị dabere na nickel-chromium alloys na-aga n'ihu na mpịakọta nke foil ọla kọpa iji mepụta ihe maka ngwa resistor agbakwunyere. Igwe ihe nkiri na-egbochi ihe nkiri dị gịrịgịrị sandwiched n'etiti ọla kọpa na laminate nwere ike họrọ nke ọma ka ọ mepụta resistors pụrụ iche. Kemịkalụ maka etching bụ ihe a na-ahụkarị na usoro mmepụta PWB. Site n'ịchịkwa ọkpụrụkpụ nke alloys, ụkpụrụ mgbochi mpempe akwụkwọ sitere na 25 ruo 250 ohm / sq. na-enwetara. Akwụkwọ a ga-atụnyere ihe nickel-chromium abụọ n'ime usoro etching ha, ịdị n'otu, njikwa ike, arụmọrụ ọkụ, adhesion na etching mkpebi.